Description: Caption reads: "Mitchell Blvd. Culvert and approach to Belmont Ave. bridge." In the background can be seen some of the building of the International Harvester Company. The International Harvester Company Plant was located at Buck Creek and Lagonda Avenue. It was a divisional plant manufacturing motor trucks. The roots of International Harvester can be traced back to the 1830s, when Cyrus Hall McCormick, an inventor from Virginia, finalized his version of a horse-drawn reaper. The reaper was demonstrated in tests in 1831 and was patented by Cyrus in 1834. Together with his brother, McCormick moved to Chicago in 1847 and started the McCormick Harvesting Machine Company. The McCormick reaper sold well, partially as a result of savvy and innovative business practices. Their products came onto the market just as the development of railroads offered wide distribution to distant market areas. He developed marketing and sales techniques, developing a vast network of trained salesmen able to demonstrate operation of the machines in the field. McCormick died in Chicago, with his company passing on to his son, Cyrus McCormick, Jr. In 1902, the McCormick Harvesting Machine Company and Deering Harvester Company, along with three smaller agricultural equipment firms (Milwaukee; Plano; and Warder, Bushnell, and Glessner (manufacturers of Champion brand)) were purchased by J.P. Morgan and merged together to create the International Harvester Company. In 1919, the Parlin and Orendorff factory in Canton, Illinois grew with a ranking of number one in the plow manufacturing industry. They were successful many decades, producing everything from tractors and automobiles to home appliances and the Cub Cadet lawn mowers. International Harvester's downfall started in the 1980s. In order to stay in business, they sold the Ag business to Tenneco, Inc in 1984. In 1986 Harvester changed the corporate name to Navistar International Corporation (having sold the International Harvester name and the IH symbol to Tenneco Inc. as part of the sale). Navistar International Corporation continues to manufacture medium- and heavy-duty trucks, school buses, and engines under the International brand name. View on Ohio Memory.
Image ID: SA1039AV_B01F17_022_001
Subjects: Transportation--Ohio--History.; Architecture--Ohio--Pictorial works.; Bridges Ohio; Springfield (Ohio)--Buildings, structures, etc.; Industries--Ohio--Springfield; International Harvester Company--Buildings
Places: Springfield (Ohio); Clark County (Ohio)
 

Description: Reverse reads: "Kelley Fountain in the arcade." This is a photograph of the Kelly Fountain in downtown Springfield, Ohio. An unidentified man stands next to the fountain staring into the water basin. The fountain was developed in 1889, when Mayor Oliver S. Kelly wanted to construct a forty-one foot high, cast-iron fountain on the Esplanade, dedicated to the people of Springfield. The site was then renamed Fountain Square and Market Street became Fountain Avenue. The fountain was later torn down due to poor construction, but was re-built as the Esplanade fountain in 1993. It exists in downtown Springfield today. View on Ohio Memory.
Image ID: SA1039AV_B13F06_026_001
Subjects: Springfield (Ohio)--Buildings, structures, etc.; Springfield (Ohio)--Pictorial works; Fountains--Ohio; Ohio--History--Pictorial works; Federal Writers' Project.
Places: Springfield (Ohio); Clark County (Ohio)
 

Description: This is a photograph of Blair Hall on the Wittenberg College Campus in Springfield, Ohio. Blair Hall houses the Education Department and teacher training center. The building has recently been remodeled and offers seminar, lecture, and meeting rooms, as well as high-tech labs and production rooms. A note on the photograph's reverse reads "Blair Hall (teacher training Center). Springfield." Wittenberg College was founded in 1845 by a group of Lutheran evangelicals, primarily Reverend Ezra Keller who became the college's first president, serving 1844-1848. This photograph is one of the many visual materials collected for use in the Ohio Guide. In 1935, President Franklin D. Roosevelt established the Works Progress Administration by executive order to create jobs for the large numbers of unemployed laborers, as well as artists, musicians, actors, and writers. The Federal Arts Program, a sector of the Works Progress Administration, included the Federal Writers’ Project, one of the primary goals of which was to complete the America Guide series, a series of guidebooks for each state which included state history, art, architecture, music, literature, and points of interest to the major cities and tours throughout the state. Work on the Ohio Guide began in 1935 with the publication of several pamphlets and brochures. The Reorganization Act of 1939 consolidated the Works Progress Administration and other agencies into the Federal Works Administration, and the Federal Writers’ Project became the Federal Writers’ Project in Ohio. The final product was published in 1940 and went through several editions. The Ohio Guide Collection consists of 4,769 photographs collected for use in Ohio Guide and other publications of the Federal Writers’ Project in Ohio from 1935-1939. View on Ohio Memory.
Image ID: SA1039AV_B13F06_025_001
Subjects: Springfield (Ohio)--Buildings, structures, etc.; Education; Universities and colleges; Wittenberg University, Springfield, Ohio; Winter
Places: Springfield (Ohio); Clark County (Ohio)
 

Description: This is a photo of the First Church of Christ, Scientist in Springfield, Ohio. This building is located at 1616 East High Street in Springfield, Ohio and was built sometime between 1920-1927. The First Church of Christ, Scientist as an organization was founded by Mary Baker Eddy in 1879 in Boston, Massachusetts. The main church is currently located in Boston and is called "The First Church of Christ, Scientist" or "The Mother Church". View on Ohio Memory.
Image ID: SA1039AV_B13F05_026_001
Subjects: Ohio--History--Pictorial works; Federal Writers' Project; Architecture--Ohio--Pictorial works.; Ohio--Religion; Churches--Ohio; Springfield (Ohio)--Buildings, structures, etc.
Places: Springfield (Ohio); Clark County (Ohio)
 

Description: Recitation Hall, built in 1883, was the second building constructed on campus and held classrooms, college literary societies and the campus chapel. An annex was added to the building during the 1950’s, which is the home of university police and the campus switchboard. In 1978, the function of the building changed and it is now the main administration building, with various offices and admissions. Wittenberg College was founded in 1845 by a group of pastors in the English Evangelical Lutheran Synod of Ohio. Reverend Ezra Keller was the principal founder and first president of the college. Its initial focus was to train clergy. One of its main missions was to "Americanize" Lutherans by teaching courses in English instead of German, unlike Capital University in Columbus, Ohio. The first class originally consisted of eight students at the beginning of the academic year, but grew to seventy-one by the end. With a faculty of one professor and two tutors, classes were held in Springfield, Ohio in a church on land that was donated. This area was selected due to being located on the National Road, which made Springfield an agricultural and industrial center. In 1874, women were admitted, and, the following year, blacks were also admitted. The name came from Wittenberg University, located in Wittenberg, Germany, the town where Martin Luther posted his 95 theses. Wittenberg College became Wittenberg University on September 1, 1957. View on Ohio Memory.
Image ID: SA1039AV_B05F03_017_1
Subjects: Springfield (Ohio)--Buildings, structures, etc.; Education; Universities and colleges; Wittenberg College--Buildings; Wittenberg University, Springfield, Ohio
Places: Springfield (Ohio); Clark County (Ohio)
 

Description: Caption reads: "U.S. Post Office, Springfield, Ohio, Jan. 28, 1937." This photograph ca. 1935-1943 is of the U.S. Post Office located at 150 North Limestone Street, Springfield, Ohio 45501. Construction began on this Art Deco style building in 1934 and has several murals by artist Herman Henry Wessel. In the 1970's these mural were covered up during energy conservation remodeling on the building, but in 2009, restoration began to restore these murals and the two story skylight. View on Ohio Memory.
Image ID: SA1039AV_B04F06_11_01
Subjects: Springfield (Ohio)--Buildings, structures, etc.; Post office buildings Ohio; Wessel, Herman Henry, 1878-1969
Places: Springfield (Ohio); Clark County (Ohio)
 

Description: Caption reads: "Chemistry Building., Wittenberg College, Springfield, O." Koch Hall, located at 5 West Campus Drive in Springfield, opened October 21, 1927 and was originally called the “Laboratories Building”. It is now home to the art department, Kissell Auditorium and the Ann Miller Art Gallery and Thompson Gallery. Wittenberg College was founded in 1845 by a group of pastors in the English Evangelical Lutheran Synod of Ohio. Reverend Ezra Keller was the principal founder and first president of the college. Its initial focus was to train clergy. One of its main missions was to "Americanize" Lutherans by teaching courses in English instead of German, unlike Capital University in Columbus, Ohio. The first class originally consisted of eight students at the beginning of the academic year, but grew to seventy-one by the end. With a faculty of one professor and two tutors, classes were held in Springfield, Ohio in a church on land that was donated. This area was selected due to being located on the National Road, which made Springfield an agricultural and industrial center. In 1874, women were admitted, and, the following year, blacks were also admitted. The name came from Wittenberg University, located in Wittenberg, Germany, the town where Martin Luther posted his 95 theses. Wittenberg College became Wittenberg University on September 1, 1957. View on Ohio Memory.
Image ID: SA1039AV_B04F06_29_01
Subjects: Springfield (Ohio)--Buildings, structures, etc.; Education; Universities and colleges; Wittenberg College--Buildings; Wittenberg University, Springfield, Ohio
Places: Springfield (Ohio); Clark County (Ohio)
 

Description: This photograph ca. 1935-1943 is of the U.S. Post Office located at 150 North Limestone Street, Springfield, Ohio 45501. Construction began on this Art Deco style building in 1934 and has several murals by artist Herman Henry Wessel. In the 1970’s these mural were covered up during energy conservation remodeling on the building, but in 2009, restoration began to restore these murals and the two story skylight. View on Ohio Memory.
Image ID: SA1039AV_B01F08_008
Subjects: Springfield (Ohio)--Buildings, structures, etc.; Post office buildings Ohio; Wessel, Herman Henry, 1878-1969
Places: Springfield (Ohio); Clark County (Ohio)
 

Description: Reverse reads: "Dist. #6. Springfield Clark Co. Chamber Commerce bldg. (Sullivan arch?)" This is a photograph of the Clark County Chamber of Commerce building, also known as the Lagonda Club, in downtown Springfield, Ohio. The Lagonda Club building was completed in 1895 and was designed by architect Frank Mills Andrews. It is an early example of Beaux-Arts architecture and is three-stories tall with a large basement. After it was no longer in use by the Lagonda Club, it became the Chamber of Commerce headquarters. The building still stands and is rented out to retail businesses. It was added to the National Register of Historic Places in 1975. View on Ohio Memory.
Image ID: SA1039AV_B13F06_003_001
Subjects: Beaux-Arts Architecture--Ohio--Pictorial works.; Architecture--Ohio--Pictorial works.; Clubhouses; Springfield (Ohio)--Buildings, structures, etc.; National Register of Historic Places; Ohio--History--Pictorial works; Federal Writers' Project.
Places: Springfield (Ohio); Clark County (Ohio)
 

Description: Myers Hall was the first building constructed on the campus of Wittenberg College (now Wittenberg University), with construction beginning in 1846 and additional wings added in 1850-1851. It served as the home of the college for 40 years, and was later converted to a men's dormitory and eventually a co-ed dormitory, which it remains today. View on Ohio Memory.
Image ID: SA1039AV_B13F06_027_001
Subjects: Springfield (Ohio)--Buildings, structures, etc.; Education; Universities and colleges; Wittenberg College--Buildings; Wittenberg University, Springfield, Ohio; Federal Writers' Project.
Places: Springfield (Ohio); Clark County (Ohio)
 

Description: The back of the photo reads, "Administration Building, Ferncliff Cemetery, overlooking main entrance to cemetery at W. McCreight Ave., is a limestone building of Gothic design, its interior Old English in decoration, which houses the offices, and contains all cemetery records and plats.". The Ferncliff Cemetery & Arboretum was started in 1863 and consists of 70-acres. The cemetery has kept detailed records of over 66,000 burials that have taken place here. Visitors may also take a tour of the arboretum which contains over 50 different species of trees. View on Ohio Memory.
Image ID: SA1039AV_B13F05_027_001
Subjects: Ohio--History--Pictorial works; Federal Writers' Project; Ferncliff Cemetery (Springfield, Ohio); Arboretum; Architecture--Ohio--Pictorial works., Gothic--Pictorial works; Springfield (Ohio)--Buildings, structures, etc.
Places: Springfield (Ohio); Clark County (Ohio)
 

Description: Caption reads: "Gothic Entrance: Covenant Presbyterian Church." The Covenant Presbyterian Church is located on the northwest corner of Limestone and North streets in Springfield, Ohio. In 1819, the First Presbyterian Society formed in Springfield with 27 members. Over the years, additional organizations formed: Second Presbyterian Church in 1861; Oakland Presbyterian Church in 1880; Third Presbyterian Church in 1880. The First and Second Presbyterian Church buildings were located downtown and by 1919 both were in need of new buildings. The churches joined as Covenant Presbyterian Church, named in honor of a 1638 covenant written in Scotland to maintain the purity of the Presbyterian faith. In 1926 the cornerstone was laid for a new church building. It was completed in November 1927. The church is an example of Late Gothic Revival architecture, contains approximately one and one-half acres of floor space, and features a 114-foot tower. It is built primarily of gray Indiana limestone to the design of George Savage, a Philadelphia architect. View on Ohio Memory.
Image ID: SA1039AV_B02F02_003_1
Subjects: Presbyterian Church in Ohio; Springfield (Ohio)--Buildings, structures, etc.
Places: Springfield (Ohio); Clark County (Ohio)